Kinetics and Mechanism of Oxidation of Nicotine by Permanganate Ion in Acid Perchlorate Solutions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The kinetics of permanganate oxidation of nicotine alkaloid in aqueous perchlorate solutions at a constant ionicstrength of 1.0 mol dm-3 have been investigated spectrophotometrically. The kinetic results showed first-orderkinetics in permanganate and fractional-first-order dependence with respect to nicotine concentration. Theinfluence of hydrogen ion concentrations on the reaction rate showed inverse first-order kinetics in [H+] wherethe oxidation rates were increased with decreasing hydrogen ion concentration. A kinetic evidence for theformation of 1:1 complex has been revealed. The ionization constant of nicotine was calculated from the kineticdata and was found to be 9.69x10-4 mol dm-3 at ionic strength of 1.0 mol dm-3 and 25o C. The kinetic parametershave been evaluated and a tentative reaction mechanism consistent with the kinetic results is discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".