Melt season duration and ice layer formation on the Greenland ice sheet, 2000–2004
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Time series of enhanced resolution QuikSCAT images were used to map the extent and duration of surface melt and the distribution of ice layer formation on the Greenland ice sheet in the period 2000–2004. Apart from the bare ice and the mixed pixels (10%) along the ice sheet margin where melt cannot be determined reliably, annual melt duration and melt anomaly maps were produced across the ice sheet (90%) for each summer. Over the 5‐year period, the mean melt duration for the ice sheet ranged from 14.3 to 20.5 d. The proportion of the ice sheet that experienced melting in a given year ranged from 44.2% to 79.2%. Extensive melt in 2002 was caused by a single melt event of a few days duration. This event was associated with the intrusion of a ridge of high pressure from the North Atlantic Ocean that brought warm air onto the ice sheet. The change in biweekly averaged backscatter between the freeze up periods in the current and previous falls was used to identify changes in the distribution of ice layers in snow between successive melt seasons. The year 2002 had the maximum melt extent and duration, and ice layer formation extended to higher elevations than in other years. Interannual changes in the distribution of ice layer formation may be associated with changes in surface height that are not necessarily indicative of mass balance changes. Mapping of ice layer formation is thus potentially useful for interpreting both real and apparent height changes measured by altimetry.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".