Measurement of flow in microfluidic networks with micrometer‐sized flow restrictors
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The fluid dynamics in micrometer‐sized flow restrictors was evaluated, to test the predictions of the Hagen–Poiseuille equation in small microchip devices. A photobleaching, time‐of‐flight linear flow rate measurement method was developed for the evaluation of flow in slot‐shaped channels with at least one dimension in the size range of 1–3 μm. For a linear flow rate range in the narrowest dimension of 0.3 to 16 mm/s (volumetric flow rates of 0.6 to 32 nL/s, maximum Reynolds number of 0.3), observed flow rates agreed with theoretical predictions within experimental error (2–3%). An empirical equation for the geometric form factor of a D‐shaped channel was developed, providing a useful working curve for use of the Hagen–Poiseuille equation in microfluidics design. The Hagen–Poiseuille solution can be used to design multiport devices with intersecting flow channel networks, achieving the intended flow rate ratios in channels with differing flow resistance with an accuracy of 1–2%. Despite the differences between achieved etched dimensions and the nominal design values a deviation of only 1–4% in the flow ratios was also achieved. This observation provides a useful guideline for predicting tolerance sensitivity in device manufacture. © 2005 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2006
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".