Determination of the methionine requirement of finishing double-muscled Belgian blue bulls with a three-step method
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A three-step technique was used to determine total amino acids (AA) and the first limiting AA requirements in finishing double-muscled Belgian Blue (dmBB) bulls. In a first experiment, three dmBB bulls (505 ± 21 kg) received a low metabolizable protein diet containing 25% meadow hay and 75% concentrate. Net energy supply was adequate for maximizing daily gains because of continuous infusion of dextrose into the duodenum. The intestinal apparent disappearance of essential AA (EAA) averaged 70.8% and was the lowest for histidine (61.3%) and the highest for arginine (79.9%). In a second experiment, four dmBB bulls (517 ± 16 kg) received the same diet supplemented with duodenal infusion of dextrose and four doses of Na-caseinate (17, 33, 50 and 66% of metabolizable dietary AA) in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. Nitrogen retention for the basal diet alone and the four increasing supplements of Na-caseinate averaged 61, 64, 74, 75 and 78 g d–1, respectively. A supply of 720 g d–1 of metabolizable AA was defined as optimising the N utilization for animal growth. Based on patterns of plasma concentrations, methionine and phenylalanine were probably the limiting AA. In a third experiment, five dmBB bulls (513 ± 60 kg) fed the basal diet received duodenal infusion of dextrose and AA, equivalent to the second dose in exp. 2 except for the supply of metabolizable methionine (12.8, 15.1, 17.6, 20.1, 22.6 and 25.1 g d–1) that varied in a 6 × 6 Latin square design with one missing animal. On the basis of N retention, the metabolizable methionine requirement was estimated to 22.8 g d–1 and corresponded to 360 mg of metabolizable methionine per gram of N retained. Key words: Ruminant, amino acid, duodenal infusion, requirement, plasma, nitrogen pollution
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".