Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To systematically characterize unilateral tinnitus typically lasting less than a minute. STUDY DESIGN: Observational study. SETTING: Outpatient clinic in a tertiary referral hospital. PATIENTS: Study I: 62 unselected adults. Study II: 74 adults with sudden brief unilateral tapering tinnitus (SBUTT). INTERVENTIONS: Study I: Structured interview regarding SBUTTs and other types of tinnitus. Study II: Maintaining an SBUTT log for 4 consecutive months. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Study I: Retrospective prevalence of SBUTTs. Study II: Prospective frequency and characteristics of SBUTTs. RESULTS: Study I: 76% of the participants recalled having at least one SBUTT in the past. There was no significant difference in the incidence of SBUTTs with respect to handedness, age, sex, the presence or absence of chronic tinnitus, whether tinnitus could be brought on by exposure to loud sounds, or whether auditory perception could be modulated with strong muscle contractions of the neck or jaw. Study II: SBUTTs mean rate was 1.2 per month (range, 0-11.5). The rate in people with chronic tinnitus was twice that of those without chronic tinnitus. Right ear SBUTTs predominated nearly 2 to 1. Pitch estimates ranged between 0.1 and 4.4 kHz; 75% of SBUTTs lasted 25 seconds or less. A quarter occurred with simultaneous ear fullness. CONCLUSION: In the 76% of adults with SBUTTs, the average rate of occurrence was about once a month. SBUTTs are twice as common for the right ear as the left. One of 4 SBUTTs occurs with ear fullness. A quarter of adults never recalled ever having an SBUTT.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".