Landscape‐Level Effects on Developmental Instability: Fluctuating Asymmetry across the Range of Honey Locust, <i>Gleditsia triacanthos</i> (Fabaceae)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Developmental instability is typically measured as patterns of fluctuating asymmetry (FA), small departures from perfect symmetry in structural morphology. Although the mechanisms producing developmental instability remain unclear, the disruptive effect of “stressors” during development is assumed to induce deviations from symmetrical phenotypes. Associations between developmental stress and FA are particularly interesting from the general perspective of fragmented and marginal populations, which are thought to be exposed to greater levels of genetic and environmental stress. We measured two leaf FA parameters at 18 populations across the range of the native tree Gleditsia triacanthos (honey locust). Highly significant effects of both landscape (region) and site were found for the two FA traits. FA did not generally increase in geographically marginal populations nor was either FA index correlated with latitude or climatic factors. FA also did not generally increase in smaller populations, and it was not related to site elevation or conspecific tree density at sites. These results indicate either that honey locust trees are not subject to greater environmental or genetic stress in fragmented or marginal populations or that FA is not a reliable indicator of stress.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".