Strain localisations in FRP-confined concrete: new insights
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Circumferential confinement of reinforced concrete columns with externally bonded fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) wraps is now widely implemented as a method to strengthen and/or enhance the deformability of deficient or damaged reinforced concrete columns. A fundamentally important parameter in the design of these members is the so-called strain efficiency of the FRP wraps – the ratio of the tensile hoop strain in the FRP at failure to the average failure strain observed in direct uniaxial tensile coupon tests. Available experimental hoop strain data obtained using localised strain gauges provide little insight into the variation of hoop strain over the surface of FRP wraps, the factors influencing strain efficiency and the resulting strain efficiency that should be assumed in design, and these remain essentially unknown. In this paper, a novel digital image correlation technique is used to provide a detailed experimental quantification of the axial and hoop strain variation over the surface of FRP confined concrete cylinders. Potential implications for the analysis and design of FRP confined concrete are discussed.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it