Genetic variation and identification of molecular markers associated with partial resistance to<i>Phoma macdonaldii</i>in gamma-irradiation-induced mutants of sunflower
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A study was undertaken to evaluate the genetic variability among gamma-irradiation-induced sunflower mutants for partial resistance to phoma black stem, caused by Phoma macdonaldii, and to identify putative molecular markers associated with partial resistance. A population of 60 mutant lines and the original line AS613 were evaluated with an aggressive French isolate of P. macdonaldii (MP6) under controlled conditions. Mutants with partial resistance to phoma black stem were identified. Variance in partial resistance and molecular markers, generated with 17 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) primer combinations, were estimated. Genetic analysis revealed that partial resistance in the mutant line M6-54-1 was controlled by recessive gene(s). The F1 hybrid (developed by crossing M6-54-1 with a susceptible inbred ENSAT-B4) was, however, significantly less susceptible than the susceptible parent, indicating that the difference between the F1 hybrid and its parents in reaction to phoma black stem cannot be fully explained by the recessive gene model. Dominance between alleles (epistasis) caused reduced susceptibility in the F1 progeny, which were also clearly reflected in distributions of phenotypic reactions of F2 and backcross seedlings. Generation mean analysis confirmed that epistatic effects contributed significantly to genetic variation in phoma black stem resistance in M6-54-1. Using multiple regression analysis, eight AFLP markers associated with partial resistance to phoma black stem were identified. Predicted reactions of all mutants to the disease based on their marker profiles were not significantly different from the observed values. The same AFLP primer combinations were used to map quantitative trait loci in the F2 population and F3 families, and one AFLP marker (E33M61-11) was found to be tightly linked to phoma black stem susceptibility.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".