Cationic Micelles Modulated in the Presence of α,ω‐Alkanediols: A SANS, NMR and Conductometric Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The solution behavior of a typical cationic surfactant, tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide, in mixed solvent systems composed of water and varying concentrations of α,ω‐alkanediols; 1,2‐ethanediol (ED), 1,4‐butanediol (BD), 1,6‐hexanediol (HD) and 1,8‐octanediol (OD) was examined via electrical conductance measurements, 13 C‐NMR spectroscopy and small angle neutron scattering (SANS) measurements. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values and degree of counterion dissociation (α) indicate that both ED and BD oppose micellization, whereas HD and OD enhance micelle formation. Changes in the 13 C‐NMR chemical shifts (∆δ values) reveal that the short chain diols reside almost exclusively in the bulk phase and hence, affect the formation of micelles by altering the solvent properties in the bulk of the solution, whereas HD and OD partition between the pseudomicellar phase and the bulk phase. SANS studies indicated that both the micellar size and aggregation number ( N agg ) decrease in the presence of all diols. ED and BD behave like cosolvents and increase the α and CMC values and decrease N agg . We note that the effect of HD and OD on the properties of the micelles is concentration dependent; at low concentrations, these diols interact with the micelles and behave as cosurfactants (as evidenced by the trends in the micellar properties), while at higher concentrations, they enhance the surfactant solubility and behave as a cosolvent.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".