The cholinergic system modulates kindling and kindling‐induced mossy fiber sprouting
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In a previous study, our laboratory demonstrated that the intraventricular infusion of nerve growth factor (NGF) accelerated kindling rates and enhanced mossy fiber sprouting in the absence of noticeable kindling-associated neuronal loss. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether these NGF effects were mediated via the cholinergic system. This study evaluated the effects of the cholinergic agonist pilocarpine and the cholinergic antagonist scopolamine on kindling rates and kindling-induced mossy fiber sprouting in adult rats. The results showed that pilocarpine accelerated kindling rates and enhanced kindling-induced mossy fiber sprouting in the CA3 region of the hippocampus, whereas scopolamine retarded kindling rates and blocked kindling-induced mossy fiber sprouting in the CA3 and IML regions. These findings suggest that the cholinergic system may contribute to the long-term structural and functional alterations that are characteristic of the kindled state. Moreover, these data provide support for the hypothesis that NGF infusions may mediate kindling and kindling-induced mossy fiber sprouting via regulation of the cholinergic system.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".