<title>Weighted interacting particle-based nonlinear filter</title>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Particle-based nonlinear filters have proven to be effective and versatile methods for computing approximations to difficult filtering problems. We introduce a novel hybrid particle method, thought to possess an excellent compromise between the unadaptive nature of the weighted particle methods and the overly random resampling in classical interactive particle methods, and compare this new method to our previously introduced refining branching particle filter. Our experiments involve various fixed numbers of particles and compare computational efficiency of our new method to the incumbent. The hybrid method is demonstrated to outperform two previous particle filters on our simulated test problems. To highlight the flexibility of particle filters, we choose to test our methods on a rectangularly-constrained Markov signal that does not satisfy a typical stochastic equation but rather a Skorohod, local time formulation. Whereas normal diffusive behavior occurs in the interior of the rectangular domain, immediate reflections are enforced at the boundary. The test problems involve a fish signal with boundary reflections and is motivated by the fish farming industry.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.038 | 0.019 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".