Frugivory by Taiwan Barbets (<i>Megalaima nuchalis</i>) and the effects of deinhibition and scarification on seed germination
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We investigated the frugivory of Taiwan Barbets ( Megalaima nuchalis Gould, 1863) on passage time and germination of 19 species of commonly consumed fruits, distinguished the deinhibition and scarification effects, and tested if complete bird-gut passage increases seed germination. We measured fruit and seed size and seed retention times (SRTs) and examined the germination of intact fruits and pulp-removed and defecated seeds. Germination latency in intact fruits of most species was prolonged, whereas in more non-figs (7/12), the seed germinability increased after ingestion, and nearly all figs germinated by higher proportions after defecation or depulping. Yet, figs revealed major differences from non-figs. SRTs of both non-figs and figs were negatively dependent on fruit size, which was positively correlated to seed size in non-figs only. The germinability was negatively correlated and the germination onset time was positively correlated with SRTs of the last seeds in non-figs, but neither was correlated with SRTs in figs. Most (14/17) species with germination success were enhanced either by deinhibition and scarification, or the fruits hardly germinated but were aided by pulp removal. Deinhibition revealed greater effects than scarification in increasing the germinability and shortening latency, thus aiding, in particular, non-fig seeds with shorter SRTs or that are often culled during feeding.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".