Nanoscale Stripe Patterns in Phospholipid Bilayers Formed by the Langmuir−Blodgett Technique
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A new methodology has been developed to create an extensive pattern of parallel stripes, ∼150−250 nm wide, in phospholipid bilayers supported on mica. These striped bilayers are prepared by the Langmuir−Blodgett (LB) film technique. A striped monolayer consisting of two phospholipids in different states (condensed and liquid-expanded) is used to direct the deposition of the solid- and liquidlike phases of a second mixed monolayer during LB transfer. We also demonstrate that bilayer stripes can be generated by the condensation of phospholipids over the solidlike stripe domains of the underlying monolayer for a one-component film deposited just below the liquid-expanded-to-liquid-condensed phase transition pressure. Nonionic detergent extraction of the liquidlike phase from these LB films resulted in bilayer-thick phospholipid stripes separated by a mica surface. A periodic array of grooves was produced by the selective adsorption of protein onto the mica regions of the detergent-treated bilayer. The LB film deposition of binary mixtures of solid-phase- and fluid-phase-forming phospholipids constitutes a novel strategy to create linear surface patterns that can be used to direct the deposition of molecules.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".