Kinetic analysis of singlet oxygen generation in a living cell using Singlet Oxygen Sensor Green
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Singlet oxygen (1O2) can be generated in a living cell upon focused laser irradiation of an intracellular photosensitizer. In this study, 1O2 generation from the plasma membrane-targeted protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE2 cells was monitored indirectly by using the fluorescence probe Singlet Oxygen Sensor Green agent (SOSG). The confocal images indicate that the fluorescence of SOSG in the vicinity of the cells that incubated with PpIX was dramatically enhanced with the increased irradiation time, while there is no significant enhancement for the control cells. Moreover, the fluorescence of SOSG is dramatically enhanced with the increase of the intracellular PpIX in CNE2 cells for the same photoirradiation time. These observations imply that the 1O2 generated from the plasma membrane-targeted PpIX in the CNE2 cells can be escaped into the extracellular medium and to react with the SOSG to produce SOSG-EP, and the fluorescence enhancement of SOSG around the cells mainly depends on the intracellular PpIX. Our findings may be useful for further monitored the 1O2 that can be escaping from the living cells.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".