Distinctive features in the sex ratio of Japan's interprefectural migrants: an explanation based on the family system and spatial economy of Japan
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract In the context of the general trends towards gender equality in major socioeconomic factors in Japan and other industrialised countries, this paper highlights and explains three distinctive features in the temporal pattern of the sex ratio of Japan's interprefectural migrants since the 1950s: a high level, an upward trend, and systematic fluctuations around the trend. The high level is explained by the ‘base camp’ nature and the ‘motherly principle’ of the Japanese family system, as well as the properties of the tightly‐knit groups that have been the basic functioning units of Japanese society. The upward trend is explained by a weakening of the Confucian superstructure and a strengthening of the motherly principle in the Japanese family system. The systematic fluctuations are explained by the major changes in Japan's spatial economy. Drawing upon the insights of major Japanese social thinkers, Hayao Kawai and Chie Nakane, this research infers that, relative to the females in Canada and probably other Western industrialised countries, women in Japan are more prone to forsake long‐distance migration as a means to achieve economic and career goals, so that they can enjoy closeness to their mothers and avoid the potentially negative consequences for their children of the whole family's long‐distance relocation. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it