Scale-up of High-Shear Mixer Granulators
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The mechanics of particle interactions and the prevailing level of compressive stresses and shear strains are affected by the scale of operation, which in turn affects the granule structure, strength and functional properties. This may be the main reason why the current scaling relationships are ineffective from a viewpoint of product engineering.In a research programme supported by the EPSRC and four industrial organizations, i.e. Borax Europe, Hosokawa Micron BV, Pfizer Global Research and Development, and Procter and Gamble, we have addressed the following topics: Development of methodologies for quantifying the structure of granules in terms of internal voidage and composition distributions, strength, shape, size and density. Identification of the parameters that affect the structure of granules by using fundamental theories of microscopic contact mechanics of particles using DEM, macroscopic granular flow dynamics and kinetics of wetting. Experimental work across several length scales (1 L, 5 L, 50 L and 250 L) to aid the analysis of the process. In this paper, an overview of findings and their implications for granulation practice is presented.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it