Vancomycin Concentrations in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease
Bibliographic record
Abstract
SIR—It has long been recognized that various classes of antibiotics display differential drug penetration into renal cysts among patients with autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease [1]. How the kidneys handle vancomycin and data on the penetration of vancomycin into cysts, nevertheless, remain unknown in the absence of formal studies. On the basis of 1 isolated case report, vancomycin was suggested to be a drug of choice for the treatment of staphylococcal cyst infection from a hematogenous source, but the success of this treatment could have been related to percutaneous drainage [2]. To define the precise role of vancomycin in autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease, we report our experience with a 38-year-old anuric man with end-stage renal disease who had undergone bilateral nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma after receiving 500 mg of parenteral vancomycin at induction. Blood samples and nephrectomy cyst fluid specimens were obtained intraoperatively and were assayed for vancomycin levels by use of the fluorescent polarization immunoassay (TDx; Abbott Laboratories). As shown in table 1, concentrations of vancomycin in the cystic fluid from the left kidney were undetectable 3 h after drug administration, despite a simultaneous serum vancomycin level of 12.07 µg/mL. Vancomycin was again undetectable in samples from proximal cysts of the right nephrectomized kidney 4 h after drug administration.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.010 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".