High-dose vitamin B supplements did not slow cognitive decline in patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer diseaseCommentary
Bibliographic record
Abstract
P S Aisen Dr P S Aisen, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA; paisen@ucsd.edu Do high-dose vitamin B supplements reduce rate of cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD)? ### Design: randomised placebo controlled trial. Clinicaltrials.gov NCT00056225. ### Allocation: {concealed}.* ### Blinding: blinded (patients, caregivers, clinicians, and psychometrists). ### Follow-up period: every 3 months up to 18 months. ### Setting: 40 centres in the USA. ### Patients: 409 patients >50 years of age (mean age 76 y, 56% women), who had probable AD, scored 14–26 on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and were medically stable. Exclusion criteria were vitamin B12 concentrations <129 pmol/l (175 pg/ml), folate concentrations <9.5 nmol/l (4.2 ng/ml), renal insufficiency (serum creatinine ⩾176.8 µmol/l [2.0 …
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.012 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".