Discordant phenotypes in a mother and daughter with mosaic supernumerary ring chromosome 19 explained by a de novo 7q36.2 deletion and 7p22.1 duplication
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report on a patient with severe intellectual disability, microcephaly, short stature, and dysmorphic features who, based on standard karyotyping, has two cytogenetic abnormalities: an apparently balanced paracentric inversion of chromosome 7, inv(7)(q31.2q36), and a small supernumerary ring chromosome derived entirely of material from chromosome 19. While the inversion was detected in all cells, mosaicism was observed for the ring chromosome. Interestingly, apparently identical cytogenetic abnormalities were detected in the patient's mother, who presented with normal stature, few dysmorphic features, and normal cognition without microcephaly. While the level of mosaicism could not adequately explain the phenotypic discordance, comparative genome hybridization revealed a de novo terminal deletion of chromosome 7, del(7)(q36.2), and a terminal duplication of chromosome 7, dup(7)(p22.1) in the patient. Additional cytogenetic investigation revealed that the patient inherited a recombinant chromosome derived from a cryptic maternal pericentric inversion: inv(7)(p22q36). The patient's distinctive features are consistent with the wide phenotypic spectrum reported in 7p duplication and 7q terminal deletion syndromes. These chromosomal regions contain several candidate genes of clinical significance, including SHH, EN2, and FAM20C. Our findings strongly suggest that our patient's phenotype is largely attributable to partial 7pter trisomy and partial 7qter monosomy rather than mosaic supernumerary ring chromosome 19.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".