Waveform tomography at a groundwater contamination site: Surface reflection data
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract We have applied acoustic-waveform tomography to 45 2D seismic profiles to image the 3D geometry of a buried paleochannel at a groundwater-contamination site at Hill Air Force Base in Utah. The paleochannel, which is incised into an alluvium-covered clay aquitard, acts as a trap for dense nonaqueous-phase liquids (DNAPLs) that contaminate the shallowest groundwater system in the study area. The 2D profiles were extracted from a 3D surface reflection data set. First-arrival traveltime tomography provided initial velocity models for the waveform tomography. We inverted for six frequency components in the band 30–90Hz of the direct and refracted waves to produce 45 2D velocity models. The flanks and bottom of a channel with a maximum depth of about 15m were well modeled in most of the 45 parallel 2D slices, which allowed us to construct a 3D image of the channel by combining and interpolating between the 45 image slices. The 3D model of the channel will be useful for siting extraction wells within the site remediation program. The alluvium that fills the channel showed marked vertical and lateral velocity heterogeneity. Traveltime tomography and waveform tomography can be complementary approaches. Used together, they can provide high-resolution images of complicated shallow structures.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it