Effects of Acute Nicotine Administration on Cognitive Event-Related Potentials in Tacrine-Treated and Non-Treated Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Earlier studies of cognitive event-related brain potentials (ERPs) reporting diminished amplitudes and delayed latencies of the P300 potential in dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT), together with independent findings of the P300- and performance-enhancing properties of nicotine in normal adults, stimulated this study to explore the single-dose effects of nicotine on auditory and visual P300s in DAT. Thirteen patients, 6 currently receiving treatment with the cholinesterase inhibitor tacrine (tetrahydroaminoacridine; THA) and the remaining being medication free, were administered 2 mg of nicotine polacrilex under double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled conditions. Prior to nicotine administration, THA-treated patients exhibited shorter auditory P300 latencies than non-treated patients. Acutely administered nicotine failed to alter auditory P300, but increased the amplitudes of visual P300s in both DAT patient groups. Neither THA treatment nor single-dose nicotine altered behavioural performance in the visual and auditory task paradigms. The results are discussed in relation to nicotinic cholinergic, attentional and cognitive processes in DAT.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".