Habitat use and survival of northern bobwhite (<i>Colinus virginianus</i>) in cropland and rangeland ecosystems during the hunting season
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Many researchers and managers believe that land-use practices are most responsible for declines in northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) populations. Additionally, researchers have suggested that the amount of available escape cover in a landscape could alter winter survival of bobwhites. A comparative study of winter bobwhite ecology was conducted on rangeland and cropland ecosystems in east-central Kansas (11 November - 31 January 1993-1996). We considered woody cover type on our study areas to be an escape cover for quail. We used radiotelemetry to investigate survival, movement, and cover-type selection. Over the 3-year period, we monitored 91 individuals on a cropland study area (CSA) and 66 birds on a rangeland study area (RSA). Survival was higher on the CSA (0.46) than on the RSA (0.27) (P = 0.03); the difference was due to increased harvest mortality on the RSA (P = 0.04). Mean daily covey movement was higher on the RSA than on the CSA (P < 0.01). Comparing cover-type selection between study areas, it was found that bobwhites selected cropland more on the RSA than on the CSA (P < 0.01). On the RSA, increased daily movement correlated with decreased selection for woody cover and increased selection for cropland (P < 0.02). On the CSA, increased woody-cover selection decreased natural predation (P = 0.03). On the RSA, decreased movement, increased woody cover, and decreased pasture selection reduced natural predation (P < 0.05). However, increased woody-cover selection increased harvest mortality (P < 0.01). Consequently, we consider the selection for woody cover to be an important variable in bobwhite survival on the RSA. It is suggested that landowners on rangelands could reduce natural mortality by taking advantage of programs available from federal and state governments and nongovernmental organizations, to increase woody cover for bobwhites.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".