Plasma Volume Changes Induced by Hypertonic Hemodiafiltration and Standard Hemodialysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We have previously reported that treatment of uremia by hypertonic hemodiafiltration (H-HDF) results in a more stable hemodynamic response as compared to standard hemodialysis (HD). The purpose of this study was to determine if plasma volume (PV) preservation was a significant factor in this response. Nine patients were studied during single treatment sessions of H-HDF and HD. Both sessions were 3 h in duration and the ultrafiltration rate and volume were matched. 10 microCi of 125I human serum albumin were injected 40 min before each session for measurement of PV. Changes in PV during the session were determined from the change in plasma albumin concentration and the hematocrit. The decrease in PV was significantly less during H-HDF. This was associated with a significantly higher plasma sodium and osmolality. The calculated effective osmolality during H-HDF was not only higher than in HD, but showed a significant increase at 2 and 3 h when compared to the baseline level (p less than 0.05). The calculated volume of extravascular mobilization was higher during H-HDF and is probably the mechanism of the PV preservation. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that PV is preserved during H-HDF better than during HD as a result of a more adequate plasma refilling; this appears to be mediated by an increased plasma effective osmolality.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".