TIO<sub>2</sub>/Nanoclay nanocomposite for phenol degradation in sonophotocatalytic reactor
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract A TiO 2 –nanoclay nanocomposite was used as a photocatalyst for the degradation of phenol in presence of acoustic cavitation. TiO 2 –nanoclay nanocomposite was synthesised in benzyl alcohol medium wherein TiO 2 nanoparticles were formed between the nanoclay platelets. The synthesised product was characterised by using FTIR, XRD and TEM techniques. TEM image shows that TiO 2 –nanoclay nanocomposite particles were in the range of 30–40 nm. XRD gram confirms the formation of nanocomposite of TiO 2 nanoclay. The effect of cavitation and TiO 2 –nanoclay nanocomposite photocatalyst on phenol removal was investigated. The effects of various parameters such as nanocomposite loading, initial concentration, etc., have been studied. On comparing the results obtained with that of nanocomposite without UV, it was found for an initial concentration of 500 mg/L of phenol, the TiO 2 –nanoclay nanocomposite exhibited higher percentage of pollutant removal (59%) and for nanoclay it was 47%. © 2011 Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".