Effect of Brood Reduction on Nest Abandonment of Smallmouth Bass
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu are well known for vigilantly guarding their nests, which is done solely by the males. Because parental care is costly, smallmouth bass are faced with a trade‐off between current and future reproduction. If the male foregoes current reproductive efforts and abandons his nest, he may be better able to prepare for future efforts. In this article, we present field data on the effect of brood reduction on nest abandonment and explore the role of male age, brood size, and brood age on nest abandonment. We removed 0, 25, 50, or 75% of the brood from males' nests in Lake Opeongo, Ontario, during the summers of 2007 and 2008 and observed the response (nest success or failure). Across all treatments, 22 of 105 nests (21%) failed and were abandoned, but there was no significant difference among treatments. However, fish that abandoned their nests were significantly younger and had fewer offspring at the time of abandonment than did those that did not. In addition, younger nests were more likely to be abandoned than older nests. Our results differ from those of previous brood reduction experiments, although they match parental care theory overall.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".