Sea-Finding Behaviour of Loggerhead Hatchlings: The Time Course of Transient Circling Following Unilateral and Asynchronous Bilateral Blindfolding
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Marine turtle hatchlings orient seaward by responding to photic cues that guide them toward the brightest horizon. Earlier research has suggested that they have a positive phototropotactic reaction to light but the behaviour must be more complex than this because circling both toward the uncovered and the covered eye has been observed in unilaterally blindfolded turtles. The present work resolved some of these problems by studying circling direction as a function of how long one eye had been covered prior to testing. Different groups of neonate loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) were tested from 10 S to 19 h after the application of a unilateral blindfold. The longer this had been one, the less the turtle circled, but beyond 1 h further changes were slight. Initially, circling was predominantly toward the uncovered eye but after the blindfold had been on for 1 h circling toward the covered eye occurred equally often. The time course of circling was also examined in asynchronously, bilaterally blindfolded turtles. One eye was covered 6 h before the other, and tests were made at various times after the second eye had been covered. Asynchronous bilateral blindfolding caused more intense circling and disrupted seaward orientation more severely than unilateral blindfolding. The time course of the decline in circling showed similarities between both treatments, suggesting that they were activating the same mechanism. Dark adaptation was examined as a possible explanation of such transient turning tendencies and previous models of sea-finding were elaborated.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".