3D reconstruction of the scapula from biplanar radiographs
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Access to 3D bone models is critical for applications ranging from pre-operative planning to biomechanics studies. This work presents a method for 3D reconstruction of the scapula from biplanar radiographs, which is based on the combination of a parametric model approach in conjunction with a Moving Least Squares (MLS) deformation technique. A parametric scapula model was created by fitting geometric primitives (with their descriptive parameters) to the CT reconstruction of a dry scapula. These geometric primitives were then used to define a set of handles which allow the user to control the as-rigid-as-possible deformation of the template model in real-time, until optimal correspondence between the actual X-ray images and the retro-projection of the deformed model. When applied to 10 dry scapulae, the presented method allowed obtaining reconstructions which were on average within 1mm of the CT-derived model at scapula regions of interest. Morphological parameters such as the glenoid's dimensions and orientation were determined with errors of 1° and less than 1mm, on average. This is of great interest as the current methods used in clinical practice, which are based on 2D-CT, are subject to uncertainties of the order of 5° for glenoid version. This method is of particular interest as it further reduces our dependence to CT for 3D reconstruction of bones and clinical parameter estimation.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it