St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) counteracts cytokine-induced tryptophan catabolism in vitro
Bibliographic record
Abstract
St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) is an ancient folk remedy that has antiviral and antibacterial properties. Anti-inflammatory effects of the plant have been described and the application of H. perforatum extract as an effective antidepressant is well established. In this study we assayed the effect of H. perforatum extract on cytokine-induced tryptophan degradation in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Simultaneously, changes in the production of the immune activation marker neopterin were monitored. Both these biochemical pathways are triggered by interferon-gamma. Our results show that extracts of H. perforatum strongly down-regulate mitogen-mediated tryptophan degradation in a dose-dependent manner. This effect seems to be based on a suppressive activity of H. perforatum on activated immunocompetent cells, resulting in a diminished production of interferon-gamma. In line with this finding, neopterin synthesis was strongly down-regulated by the plant extract. Our results suggest that the reduction of tryptophan degradation by H. perforatum might be important in the action of the plant as an antidepressant.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".