Risk Reduction Measures Applied to Horizontal Directional Drilling of a Complex Pipeline River Crossing in Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In August and September of 2003, Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. successfully completed the Horizontal Directionally Drilled [HDD] replacement of it’s NPS 24” pipeline crossing at the Fraser River from Surrey to Coquitlam in southwestern British Columbia. The pipeline replacement was necessary to mitigate the high seismic risk from liquefaction induced lateral spreading of soils on the north and south shores of the Fraser River. The high level of urban development and the close proximity of major linear infrastructure on both sides of the river created spatial restrictions which increased the complexity and risk of the HDD crossing. Measures to reduce construction risks and limit Terasen’s exposure to claims for changed subsurface conditions, environmental damage due to frac-outs, delays, pipe and coating damage, and inability to complete the crossing, were applied. Important strategies used during planning and construction of the crossing included: proper selection of the pipeline route and laydown corridor, site specific geotechnical investigation, HDD annular pressure monitoring, HDD electronic drilling recording, and a contractor pre-qualification process. The final result was that the contractors successfully drilled and installed the 1293m long HDD crossing over a period of one month, without incident. This paper presents the challenges and solutions implemented by the project team to bring the project to its successful conclusion.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".