Removal of Aroclor 1016 from contaminated soil by Solvent Extraction Soil Agglomeration Process
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This communication reports the results of a study to assess the suitability of the National Research Council of Canada's Solvent Extraction Soil Remediation (SESR) process to effectively remediate soils contaminated with PCBs. A series of small-scale batch extraction tests were carried out using a loamy clay soil sample spiked with Aroclor 1016. The variables examined included the effects of solvent type, water addition, agglomerate size, and extraction additives. Aroclor 1016 recovery rates for the SESR process were higher than those found for high shear agitation of soil slurries without agglomeration and Soxhlet extraction (93.9 ± 1.9, 90.6 ± 1.5 and 82.7 ± 0.9% respectively). A two-stage extraction process, with a series of three wash steps incorporated into the solidliquid separation operation, produced a treated soil with an average Aroclor 1016 concentration of 49 ± 8 mg/kg on a dry weight basis (95.4 ± 2.4% removed). Key words: PCBs, soil remediation, agglomeration, solvent extraction.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".