Leaf thickness of<i>Salix</i>spp. (Salicaceae) from the Athabasca sand dunes of northern Saskatchewan, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Leaf thicknesses of Salix taxa (Salix brachycarpa Nutt. var. psammophila Raup, Salix planifolia Pursh subsp. tyrrellii (Raup) Argus, Salix silicicola Raup, and Salix turnorii Raup) from the Athabasca sand dunes in northern Saskatchewan, Canada, were evaluated and compared with those of their respective widespread progenitors (S. brachycarpa Nutt. var. brachycarpa, S. planifolia Pursh subsp. planifolia, Salix alaxensis (Anders.), and Salix eriocephala Michx. var. famelica (C. R. Ball) Dorn). Leaf thickness was measured using standard light microscopy, and results were compared with the occurrence of amphistomaty in these Salix species. Leaf thickness values varied among the species and differed significantly within each derivativeprogenitor Salix pair. The two amphistomatic taxa from Yakow Lake dunes, S. turnorii and S. planifolia subsp. tyrrellii, had significantly thicker leaves (337.65 ± 5.99 µm and 226.00 ± 5.22 µm, respectively) than their widespread progenitors, as well as the thickest leaves overall. The data comparison indicates a relationship between amphistomaty and leaf thickness among the Salix taxa, as thicker leaves tend to be amphistomatic.Key words: amphistomaty, Athabasca sand dunes, leaf thickness, Salix, willow.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".