Evaluation of <i>M</i>‐xylene ammoxidation at bench‐scale operation in the presence of V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>/Γ‐Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A bench‐scale ammoxidation reaction of m ‐xylene was evaluated in the presence of V 2 O 5 /γ‐Al 2 O 3 catalyst. The experiment was performed in a packed‐bed reactor with 25 mm i.d. using 200 g of catalyst. To alleviate sudden temperature hikes during ammoxidation, molten salt system was carefully built in the outer part of the reactor in a jacket‐type. Higher value of heat capacity of molten salt led to the stabilized reaction temperature within tolerable ranges without significant deactivation of catalytic activity. Isophthalonitrile (IPN) was a main product to compare reaction performance, while m‐tolunitrile, even hardly observed in a lab‐scale experiment, was a noticeable by‐product in this study. Reaction parameters include reaction temperature, oxygen to m ‐xylene ratio, NH 3 to m ‐xylene ratio, and gas hourly space velocity. The selectivity of IPN over m‐tolunitrile was clearly improved when reaction temperature was raised from 320 to 380 °C. For a long‐term test, the reaction was evaluated in the period of one year. The catalyst was characterized before and after the long‐term experiment and its changes were analyzed by N 2 ‐physisorption, SEM, XRD and XPS.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".