The tree seedling bank in an ancient montane forest: stress tolerators in a productive habitat
Bibliographic record
Abstract
1 Seedling banks, made up of small individuals of tree species in the understorey, are an important component of many forests. 2 We collected and aged 4992 individuals up to 1.3 m in height of Abies amabilis, Chamaecyparis nootkatensis, Tsuga mertensiana and T. heterophylla from the seedling bank of an ancient forest in coastal British Columbia, Canada. 3 Growth was extremely slow. Some individuals < 1.3 m tall were more than 150 years old. Very few plants attained an above-ground stem length of 1 m in less than 100 years. Regressions of above-ground stem length vs. age indicated that net terminal growth averaged only c. 2 mm per year up to age 50. 4 Although species differed in age structure, all had slow-growing, persistent individuals. 5 These trees can be considered to be adapted to survive for long periods under the high levels of biotically induced stress of the forest understorey. Such a high potential for stress tolerance in forest trees presents a challenge for the classification of life histories. 6 The seedling bank contributes to the canopy composition in ancient forests. Forest ecology must consider not only tree regeneration in relation to disturbance, but also the dynamics of tree populations under intact canopies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".