Nest-site characteristics of Northern Waterthrushes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We describe the nest-site characteristics of Northern Waterthrushes (Seiurus noveboracensis) in western Newfoundland. Based on data for 36 nests (20 in streambanks, 16 in overturned trees) and 108 comparative sites, we examined habitat features at microhabitat (a 25-cm radius around the nest) and macrohabitat (a 5-m radius, and position on the landscape) scales. Assessment of microhabitat variables indicated that features around nests in the roots of overturned trees were no different from randomly selected sites. However, streambank nest-site features at this spatial scale distinguished these nest sites from randomly selected streambank locations through the presence of greater substrate slope and less leafy vegetation around nests. At broader spatial scales, streambank nests did not differ from associated random sites, but the macrohabitat features of nests in overturned trees distinguished them from randomly selected overturned-tree sites through overturned-tree nests being closer to water and having higher numbers of small-size-class deciduous trees in the surrounding habitat. Overall, depredated nests had less concealment with lower numbers of coniferous trees within 5 m, particularly in smaller size classes. Nests in buffer strips had greater numbers of both deciduous and coniferous trees in these smaller size classes than did nests in riparian habitat adjacent to undisturbed forests.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".