Gamma tubulin: A promising indicator of recurrence in squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Centrosome amplification as detected by gamma tubulin (GT) immunostaining is associated with genetic instability and tumor aggressiveness. We assessed GT for its ability to predict recurrence of squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx (SCCL). STUDY DESIGN: Case series with chart review. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five micron sections of 35 archival SCCL samples were subjected to antigen retrieval and immunostaining with antibody to GT. The keratin antibody CK5 served as a positive control for antigen retrieval, and tonsillar tissue was used as a negative control. RESULTS: Of the 35 tumors analyzed, 22 were associated with recurrence(R) and 13 were not (NR). Fourteen of the 22 R tumors, but 0 of 13 of the NR tumours had a GT staining score of 2+ or 3+ (P < 0.0002). GT was also related to recurrence in node-negative tumors (P < 0.006) but was unrelated to T stage (P = 0.726). CONCLUSIONS: GT staining appears to be a better predictor of tumor recurrence than T stage and also predicts recurrence in N0 tumors.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".