Vitamin D Deficiency and Insufficiency in 2 Independent Cohorts of Patients with Systemic Sclerosis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate 25-OH vitamin D concentrations in 2 independent systemic sclerosis (SSc) populations from France and Italy. METHODS: We studied 156 consecutive SSc patients comparable for demographic characteristics: 90 from Northern France and 66 from Southern Italy. 25-OH vitamin D, intact parathyroid hormone, and serum total calcium and phosphorus were measured in all patients. Vitamin D concentrations < 30 ng/ml were considered insufficiency, while values < 10 ng/ml were classified as deficiency. RESULTS: Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency rates were very high and comparable between the 2 populations: 74/90 (82%) versus 57/66 (86%) for insufficiency and 29/90 (32%) versus 15/66 (23%) for deficiency, respectively, in the French and Italian patients. They were not influenced by vitamin D supplementation, which was not statistically different in the 2 groups. In the combined populations, a significant negative correlation was found between low vitamin D levels and European Disease Activity Score (p = 0.04, r = -0.17) and an even more significant correlation was found with acute-phase reactants (p = 0.004, r = -0.23 for erythrocyte sedimentation rate), and low levels of vitamin D were associated with the systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP) estimated by echocardiography (p = 0.004). In multivariate analysis, vitamin D deficiency was associated with sPAP (p = 0.02). CONCLUSION: Vitamin D deficiency was very common in the 2 SSc populations, independent of geographic origin and vitamin D supplementation. This suggests that common vitamin D supplementation does not correct the deficiency in SSc patients, and that a higher dose is probably needed, especially in those with high inflammatory activity or severe disease.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".