Efficient hemodynamic states stimulation using fNIRS data with the extended Kalman filter and bifurcation analysis of balloon model
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper introduces a stochastic hemodynamic system to describe the brain neural activity based on the balloon model. A continuous-discrete extended Kalman filter is used to estimate the nonlinear model states. The stability, controllability and observability of the proposed model are described based on the simulation and measurement data analysis. The observability and controllability characteristics are in- troduced as significant factors to validate the preference of different hemodynamic factors to be considered for diagnosis and monitoring in clinical applications. This model also can be efficiently applied in any monitoring and control platform include brain and for study of hemodynamics in brain imaging modalities such as pulse oximetry and functional near infrared spectroscopy. The work is on progress to extend the proposed model to cover more hemodynamic and neural brain signals for real-time in-vivo application.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it