Identity and phylogenetic relationships of ophiostomatoid fungi associated with invasive and native <i>Tetropium</i> species (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in Atlantic Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In 1999, red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.) trees in a small area of the Halifax Regional Municipality in Nova Scotia, Atlantic Canada, were found to be infested and killed by Tetropium fuscum (Fabr.) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), a Eurasian species of longhorn beetle. We isolated and identified the fungi associated with T. fuscum in Halifax and compared them with ophiostomatoid fungi associated with Tetropium spp. on spruce in Europe. Ophiostoma species associated with Tetropium cinnamopterum Kirby (indigenous to and transcontinental in Canada) were also compared with those associated with T. fuscum. Strains were identified based on morphological and molecular characters. Ophiostoma piceae (Münch) Syd. & P. Syd., Pesotum fragrans Mathiesen-Käärik, and Ophiostoma tetropii Mathiesen were the most frequently isolated species. Lack of type material for O. tetropii and discrepancies between the ex-type strain of O. tetropii and its original description prompted us to lectotypify this species and designate epitype material for it. The results suggest that O. tetropii was introduced with T. fuscum from Europe into Atlantic Canada.Key words: Ophiostoma tetropii, Tetropium fuscum, molecular phylogeny, invasive species.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".