Habitat diversity and species diversity: testing the competition hypothesis with juvenile salmonids
Bibliographic record
Abstract
I experimentally tested two predictions of the hypothesis that the positive relationship between habitat diversity and species diversity arises from a reduction in the negative effects of interspecific competition. By allowing species to partition habitat and avoid competition, habitat diversity should 1) facilitate the addition of an ecologically intermediate species into an existing community, and 2) reduce the negative effects of that species on existing members of the community. I tested these predictions with juveniles of three sympatric salmonid species: coho salmon ( Oncorhynchus kisutch ), steelhead trout ( O. mykiss ), and cutthroat trout ( O. clarki ), which in natural streams occupy deep low‐velocity pools, shallow high‐velocity riffles, and intermediate habitats, respectively. I introduced two (coho and steelhead) and three species communities into each of three artificial stream habitats: pools, riffles, and diverse. The results provide partial support for the predictions. Cutthroat trout grew fastest in the diverse stream habitat. Though habitat diversity did not eliminate the negative effects of competition, in the three species community coho and steelhead grew as fast in the diverse habitat as in either homogeneous habitat. The results are consistent with data on species number and evenness from natural communities, where variation along other niche axes confounds the relationship between habitat diversity, interspecific competition, and species diversity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".