Covering a fiber taper with a refractive index matching gel residue: a significant increase in evanescent-wave signal collection efficiency
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A novel optical fiber evanescent-wave (EW) sensing platform combining a taper and a refractive index (RI) gel residue is proposed.The platform includes two identical large core multimode fibers perpendicularly positioned to each other: one for excitation light delivery (i-fiber) and one for EW fluorescent signal collection (r-fiber).One end of the r-fiber is decladded to expose a segment of a cylindrical fiber core terminated with a taper.A small drop of rhodamine 6G (R6G) solution sample is distributed in such a way that it surrounds the side wall of the cylindrical portion of the core and covers the i-fiber end face.The fluorescent signal is recorded under the following conditions: 1) the entire taper is exposed to air; 2) the entire taper is immersed into a large gel block; 3) the taper is covered with a gel residue.A dramatic rise of the fluorescence signal is observed in the third case, which is over 20 times more than the level achieved from the first two cases.We reveal that the intensive mode coupling in the sandwiched air-gel-taper architecture accounts for this phenomenon, which is discussed in detail.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".