Design and Synthesis of Alternating Regioregular Oligothiophenes/Benzothiadiazole Copolymers for Organic Solar Cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Low-bandgap regioregular polythiophene derivatives, PTh 6 BTD, PTh 8 BTD, and PTh 4 TTBTD, were synthesized through Stille coupling reaction. These are alternating copolymers of an electron-deficient benzothiadiazole unit and oligothiophene units including hexathiophene, octathiophene, and thieno[3,2- b ]thiophene-bridged quarterthiophene, respectively. The polymers are soluble in halogenated solvents such as o -dichlorobenzene, affording good processability in solar cell fabrication. Meanwhile, the synthesized alternating copolymers show much broader absorption than P3HT, covering the spectral region from 350 to 800 nm. DSC analysis showed that all three polymers readily crystallized, indicating highly ordered intermolecular packing, which is beneficial for achieving higher charge carrier mobility. Bulk-heterojunction solar cells using 1:1 w/w PTh n BTD:PC 61 BM ([6,6]-phenyl C 61 -butyric acid methyl ester) blends as the photovoltaic active layers were fabricated and characterized. Best power conversion efficiency of 1.7% was obtained from PTh 8 BTD-based devices under a simulated AM 1.5 G solar irradiation of 100 mW/cm 2 .
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".