A CXCL2 polymorphism is associated with better outcomes in patients with severe sepsis*
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Several studies have implicated the CXCL2 chemokine as a mediator in the development of sepsis. We hypothesized that a tandem repeat polymorphism (AC)n in the CXCL2 gene, previously associated with susceptibility to severe sepsis, contributes to morbidity and mortality in severe sepsis. DESIGN: Prospective, observational, genetic study of septic patients. SETTING: A network of Spanish postsurgical and critical care units. PATIENTS: A total of 183 critically ill patients fulfilling the International Sepsis Criteria for severe sepsis. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Patients were classified into three groups according to the presence of compound 24 +/- 1 (AC) repeat genotypes: homozygote 24 +/- 1 carriers (HC group), heterozygote 24 +/- 1 carriers (HTC), and non 24 +/- 1 carriers (NC group). Mortality, development of acute respiratory distress syndrome, and number of failing organs were determined for each group. Overall mortality was 46.4%. HC patients had a lower mortality (39.9%) than HTC (52.2%) and NC (72.7%) patients (trend test p = .018). This difference remained significant when using a multiple logistic regression analysis (p = .035). The presence of population stratification was ruled out, since 20 independent genomic control markers demonstrated homogeneity among groups. An exploratory analysis of the effect of acute respiratory distress syndrome on mortality showed a relative risk of 2.60 in the HC group (p = .0004), while in the nonhomozygote carriers (NHC) group the relative risk was 3.34 (p = .0001). CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that a tandem repeat polymorphism (AC)n at position -665 in the CXCL2 gene may be an independent predictor of mortality for severe sepsis. Additional studies are needed to confirm these results.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".