Effect of Redox State of PtRu Electrocatalysts on Methanol Oxidation Activity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PtRu is a promising catalyst for methanol oxidation in direct methanol fuel cells. However, the most active Pt:Ru ratio and oxidation state of the Ru component are still under investigation. PtRu black was obtained from Johnson Matthey, and the as-received catalyst was treated with either hydrogen or oxygen at elevated temperatures to alter the oxidation state. The samples were characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to confirm their redox states and for correlation with their methanol oxidation activity. All of the characterization techniques support successful oxidation and reduction of the PtRu catalyst. The methanol oxidation activity was measured, and the sequence at 25 °C was found to be reduced > as-received > oxidized ≫ strongly oxidized. The effect of the drying regime and the dispersing agent for the catalysts was also investigated, and it was found that samples supported using acetic acid were more active than those supported by Nafion, but were less stable and more susceptible to change in catalyst state from heat gun drying.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".