La maison de retraite comme espace hétérotopique dans les romans canadiens : <i>Exit Lines</i> de Joan Barfoot, <i>Et dansent les hirondelles</i> de Marguerite-A. Primeau et <i>Les vieux ne courent pas les rues</i> de Jean-Pierre Boucher
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract: The retirement home, a heterotopic space removed from the centre of fast-paced twenty-first century urban life, is increasingly becoming a site of revolt and transformation in Canadian fiction. Constructed principally as feminine spaces, these sites nevertheless offer the possibility of featuring a kaleidoscope of ways to age and create a microcosm where small acts of delirious rebellions may occur. These acts become fodder for writers who nevertheless acknowledge the undeniable challenges linked to aging in our era of agism. Three Canadian novelists have set their novels in just such a space: Joan Barfoot in Exit Lines (2008) offers an irreverent portrait of uprooted seniors intent on defining their “last identity,” Marguerite-A. Primeau in her still unpublished Et dansent les hirondelles renders an equally caustic, soberly ironic look at the secret, segregated world of the retirement homes, and Jean-Pierre Boucher in Les vieux ne courent pas les rues (2001) satirizes the “compassionate care” provided in nursing homes where seniors are segregated and managed but seldom loved. In this paper, I consider, through the lens of Michel Foucault’s concept of “heterotopic spaces” and empirical research on seniors’ habitats, the magical way novelists are able to transform what is often seen as a desperate situation for seniors into readable, engaging, and sometimes subversive narratives.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.037 | 0.046 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.010 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.007 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".