A single endotoxin injection in the rabbit causes prolonged blood vessel dysfunction and a procoagulant state
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To determine the duration of vascular blood vessel dysfunction and coagulation abnormalities after administration of endotoxin in a nonlethal septic rabbit model. DESIGN: Randomized, controlled, interventional trial. SETTING: University animal laboratory. SUBJECTS: A total of 30 male New Zealand White rabbits, randomly assigned to one of two groups. INTERVENTIONS: Male New Zealand White rabbits were randomly divided into control or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (0.5 mg/kg iv bolus Escherichia coli endotoxin)-treated groups. Metabolic acidosis and coagulation activation confirmed the presence of septic shock. The abdominal aorta was removed at 24 hrs (day 1), day 5, or day 21 after LPS injection. Immunohistochemical staining for an endothelial cell marker (PECAM-1/CD31) was performed to assess endothelial injury. Endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation was analyzed by in vitro vascular reactivity studies. Responses to acetylcholine, to calcium ionophore (A-23187), and to sodium nitroprusside were studied. In addition, arterial blood samples were collected on day 1, day 5, and day 21 for measurement of clotting factors and tissue factor activity. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: LPS injection resulted in endothelial injury, with loss of approximately 25% of the endothelial area on day 5, which disappeared on day 21. LPS injection also caused a significantly reduced relaxation response to acetylcholine (44.9% +/-9.9% vs. 76.5%+/-5.4% for the control group; p < .005), which was restored on day 21. In contrast, vascular relaxation in response to A-23187 and sodium nitroprusside was not altered. A significant decrease in the platelet count was observed on day 1, associated with a decrease in factors II and V. On day 5, platelet count and factors II and V were corrected in conjunction with an elevated monocyte tissue factor activity in LPS-injected rabbits. On day 21, coagulation abnormalities were corrected. CONCLUSIONS: A single endotoxin injection in the rabbit was responsible for prolonged aortic endothelial cell dysfunction, as well as a prolonged procoagulant state. The latter is a potential trigger for disseminated intravascular coagulation. Importantly, these features are associated with normalization of conventional biological evidence of septic shock.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".