Failure of Cylindrical Brittle Deposits Impacted by a Supersonic Air Jet
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The failure of a cylindrical brittle material impacted by a supersonic air jet is investigated. Gypsum was cast around steel tubes to simulate the deposit formed on tube surfaces in industrial boilers. The breakup behavior of two deposit sizes, positioned at several distances from the nozzle exit, was visualized and documented using a high-speed video camera. Three deposit failure behaviors were observed: (i) crack formation and propagation along the longitudinal axis of the cylinder, (ii) surface pitting followed by axial crack formation, and (iii) surface pitting followed by spalling. These types of failure depend on the ratio of jet diameter to deposit diameter, which affects the magnitudes of compressive, tensile, and shear forces induced within the material. By analyzing the breakup movies, characteristics of the broken deposits, such as the breakup duration and the amount of deposit removed, were measured. Also, the effects of deposit thickness and distance from the nozzle exit on these characteristics were investigated.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it