The Prepared Reflex: Behavioral and Subjective Flanker Interference Effects
Bibliographic record
Abstract
One can easily learn to associate a motor response to a given sensory stimulus. This linking of stimuli to responses (“S-R links,” for short) may be learned through verbal instruction or through extensive training. The former has been characterized as something akin to the acquisition of a “prepared reflex.” Recently, it has been demonstrated that, in the flanker paradigm, S-R links acquired through prepared reflexes can yield the interference effects found with the traditional versions of this task, which normally include training. In a fully within-subjects paradigm, we replicated this current research and extended it, by including (a) contrasts between all traditional flanker conditions (including response interference and perceptual interference) and (b) trial-by-trial subjective measures of performance (i.e., “urges to err”). The behavioral and subjective effects found with prepared reflexes resembled those found following normal S-R link acquisition. The theoretical implications of this finding are discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".