Antimicrobial 14-Helical β-Peptides: Potent Bilayer Disrupting Agents
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The interactions of two amphiphilic and cationic, nine-residue beta-peptides with liposomal membranes were studied. These beta-peptides are shown to form 14-helices in the presence of bilayers. Membrane binding and membrane permeabilization occur preferentially in the presence of anionic lipids. The beta-peptides have the ability to cause tranbilayer diffusion of phospholipids, form pores, and promote lipid mixing between liposomes. These beta-peptides have previously been shown to display antimicrobial activity comparable to that of a longer beta-peptide, beta-17, which adopts a different type of helical conformation (12-helix), and to the 23 amino acid (Ala(8,13,18))-magainin-II-amide, which adopts an alpha-helical conformation. In addition, these 14-helical beta-peptides show relatively low hemolytic activity. The biological potency and microbial specificity of the 14-helical beta-peptides, despite their relatively short length, suggests that 14-helices can be particularly disruptive to microbial membranes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".