Photocatalytic Treatment of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate (LAS) in Water
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The photocatalytic degradation of aqueous linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) was studied. Two different photocatalysts, Degussa P25 TiO2 and Hombikat UV 100 TiO2, were used to degrade aqueous linear alkylbenzene sulfonate in slurry batch photoreactors. For a 100 mg/L LAS solution based on first-order rate constants, the optimum photocatalyst loading for Degussa P25 TiO2 was 4.0 g/L, while for Hombikat UV 100 TiO2 it was 2.0 g/L. The photoactivity of Degussa P25 TiO2 it was higher than that of Hombikat UV 100 TiO2 for the treatment of LAS. A mixture of both photocatalysts did not improve the LAS degradation rates in batch experiments. Combination of Degussa P25 TiO2 and 600 mg/L H2O2 along with irradiation with UV light at either 254 or 365 nm did not improve the LAS degradation rates over the photocatalytic or photolytic processes individually.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".