Effect of flaxseed processing on its true metabolizable energy values for adult chicken
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The objective of the present experiment was to study the effect of flaxseed processing on nitrogen corrected true metabolizable energy (TMEn) values for adult roosters. Flaxseed was processed as pelleted, autoclaved or microwave roasted. Leghorn roosters were used for the TME determination procedure. The TMEn value of flaxseed batch A, 14.48 MJ kg−1 DM, was significantly (P < 0.05) increased to 17.89 MJ kg−1 DM by three‐time repeat‐pelleting, or to 18.07 MJ kg−1 dry matter (DM) by autoclaving, respectively. Microwave roasting also significantly (P < 0.05) increased the TMEn value of flaxseed batch B by 22%. The TMEn improvement observed due to processing was accompanied by increased ether extract utilization. The apparent ether extract digestibility of flaxseed batch A, 61.2%, was very significantly (P < 0.01) increased to 81.5 and 83.2% by processing as repeat‐pelleting and autoclaving, respectively. Microwave roasting also significantly (P < 0.05) increased the apparent digestibility of ether extract for flaxseed batch B from 49.1 to 64.4%. Proper flaxseed processing as pelleting, autoclaving and microwave roasting led to higher TMEn values for Leghorn roosters, mainly as the result of increased ether extract utilization. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".